الملخص
الملخص
تناولت هذه الدراسة أساسيات كل من التعاون التجاري والنمو الاقتصادي، بالإضافة إلى توضيح العلاقة بين الصادرات والواردات بين العراق وإيران للفترة (2008-2023) من جهة والنمو الاقتصادي في العراق من جهة أخرى، وذلك من خلال تحليل واقع متغيرات الدراسة اقتصاديًا. وقد استخدم المنهج الوصفي لتحليل بيانات المتغيرات الاقتصادية الكلية المختارة. وقد أثبتت الدراسة أن التعاون التجاري بين العراق وإيران لم يكن متكافئًا، إذ يستورد العراق عشرة أضعاف ما يصدره إليها. كما أثبتت أن هيكل الناتج المحلي الإجمالي العراقي أحادي الجانب ومشوه وغير متوازن بسبب اعتماده شبه الكامل على عائدات بيع النفط الخام. وخرجت الدراسة بمجموعة من التوصيات، أهمها ضرورة قيام العراق باتخاذ خطوات تصحيحية لمعالجة عدم تكافؤ تجارته مع إيران، كفرض ضرائب على الواردات العراقية من إيران، ودعم الصناعة والزراعة، وضبط المنافذ الحدودية، وتفعيل قانون التعرفة الجمركية، وتنويع هيكل الصادرات العراقية وتقليل الاعتماد على واردات مبيعات النفط الخام، والعمل على زيادة صادرات المواد المصنعة وتقليل صادرات المواد الخام، بالإضافة إلى تقليل واردات السلع الغذائية والاستهلاكية وزيادة واردات السلع الاستثمارية.
المراجع
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