Abstract
Climate change has emerged as a critical non-traditional security challenge, it affects profoundly on socioeconomic stability, human security, and the patterns of international migration. Environmental stressors -such as drought, desertification, rise of sea-level and extreme weather events- exacerbate pressures on natural resources and livelihoods, particularly in fragile regions, So, that will drive complex forms of cross-border mobility with significant strategic implications.
This study investigates the interaction between climate threats and international migration through a comparative analysis for two selected regions: African Sahel where desertification and resource scarcity generate for migration pressures and coastal South Asia (Bangladesh), were seas rising and recurrent flooding lead to large-scale displacement. Employing a deductive method including descriptive, analytical, comparative, case study, and foresight approaches, the research moves from general theoretical frameworks on non
traditional security to specific empirical observations, So, the findings of this research demonstrate that the Function of climate threats primarily as risk multipliers, amplifying pre-existing socioeconomic and vulnerabilities in institutions rather than it acts as direct drivers of migration.
The study underscores the necessity for integrated in policy responses that combine climate adaptation, migration governance, and international cooperation to mitigate the rising risks and global non-traditional security enhancement.
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