Abstract
The study explores the most prominent peace-building strategies that will play a decisive role in achieving security and stability in post-conflict societies. This study first addressed the theoretical framework, by focusing on a number of theories that attempted to analyze the concept of peace-building, including the Constructivist Theory, the Realist Theory, the Liberal Theory and Johan Galtung's Theory. This study also shed light on the conceptual framework of peace, peace-building and violence. The study also addressed the most important challenges facing peace-building in these societies that suffered from violence and instability and what are the most effective strategies that contribute to ending violence and enhancing peace -building. Moreover, the study assumes that peace cannot be built in post-conflict societies without adopting effective strategies to prevent conflict and violence
References
References
1- Books
1- Addison Tony, Africa's recovery from conflict: making peace work for the poor, United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, 2003.
2- Adell Borja Paladini, From peacebuilding and human development coalitions to peace infrastructure in Colombia, Berghof Handbook Dialogue Series 10, 2012.
3- Arat Zehra F, Democracy and human rights in developing countries, Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1991.
4- Barma Naazneen, The peacebuilding puzzle: political order in post-conflict states, Cambridge University Press, 2016.
5- Francis David ed, Peace and conflict in Africa, London, Zed books Ltd Publishing, 2009.
6- Jarstad Anna, Niklas Eklund, Patrik Johansson, Elisabeth Olivius, Abrak Saati, Dzenan Sahovic, Veronica Strandh, Johanna Soderstrom, Malin Eklund Wimelius and Malin Akebo, Three Approaches to Peace: A framework for describing and exploring varieties of peace, Umea Working Papers in Peace and Conflict Studies, no 12, 2019.
7- LaGro Esra, Turkey and the European Union: prospects for a difficult encounter, Springer, 2007.
8- Lipson Charles and Benjamin J. Cohen eds, Theory and structure in international political economy: an international organization reader, Mit Press, 1999.
9- Paris Roland. At war's end: building peace after civil conflict. Cambridge University Press, 2004.
10- Reychler Luc and Thania Paffenholz eds, Peace-building: a field guide, Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2001.
11- Webel Charles and Johan Galtung eds, Handbook of peace and conflict studies, London: Routledge, 2007.
2- Journals
1- Ahearne James, Neoliberal Economic Policies and Post-Conflict Peace-building: A help or Hindrance to Durable Peace?, Polis journal, Vol.2, 2009.
2- Baihuzhakava Alina, Realism–Forgotten Theory for Peacebuilding Przegląd Strategiczny, Vol.12, No.15, 2022.
3- Bassem Ali Khreisan, Peacebuilding: A Study of Peacebuilding Mechanisms in Iraq, Political Issues, Vol.52, 2018.
4- Bassem Ali Khreisan, Structural Peace in Iraq: A study in Johan Galtung's Peace Theory, Middle East Research Journal, Vol.10, No.78, 2022.
5- Conforti Oscar Daniel Franco, Education for Peace What Building Peace Means, Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal , Vol.2, No.4, 2019.
6- Denny Elaine K and Barbara F Walter, Ethnicity and Civil War, Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 51, No.2, 2014.
7- Nisrin Salem and Mohamed Lamine, The ECOWAS Strategy for Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Peacebuilding: A Case Study of Sierra Leone, Journal of Legal and Political Research, Vol.2, No.2, 2020.
8- Skelly James M, A constructivist Approach to Peace Studies, Peace Review, Vol.14, No.1, 2002.
9- Lars-Erik Cederman and Gleditsch Kristian Skrede, Elections and Ethnic Civil War, Comparative Political Studies,Vol.46, No.3, 2013.
10-
3- Reports
1- The Contribution of Human Rights to Peacebuilding and Sustaining Peace, Review of the UN Peacebuilding Architecture, UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, 2020. Online resource , available on: https://n9.cl/ahkb5
2- United Nations, Peacebuilding Commission, Interim Report on the Work of the Peacebuilding Commission, 2007. Online resource, available on: https://goo.su/CO4n
3- United Nations. World Bank Booklet. Pathways for Peace Inclusive Approaches to Preventing Violent Conflict. Main Messages and Emerging Policy Directions, 2017. Online resource, available on: https://n9.cl/f8t8n